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These mistakes create an undesirable audio quality, some of which could sound too bright, too dry and too excessive.

Wrong speaker connection is one of the most common reasons for undesirable sound. Improper speaker wiring can produce an out-of-phase sound image by reversing the two wires that feed the speaker. If the speakers are out-of-phase with each other, the overall sound will lack the fullness that in-phase speakers reproduce. In principle, both left and right speakers should electronically and acoustically produce an in-phase signal.

When the speakers are connected in phase, the drivers of the left and right speaker move in and out at the same time. When they are out of phase, the drivers of the left speaker move in, while those of the right move out. Out-of-phase speakers do not sound right as imaging is vague and there is not so much bass. The same signal but "out-of-phase" with each other will produce a wide and dispersed sound image.

Secondly, a complicated system such as bi- or tri-amped configurations, where multi-amplifiers for driving low, mid and high frequencies are separate can often increase a system's distortion. Theoretically, a multi-amped system involving more crossover networks, preamps, and power amps should sound better than one amp or two amps doing the job. However, that is not the case since it involves an issue of coherence, with no one component of the music receiving more or less attention than the others. This phenomenon can lead to distortion and sound that is unnaturally harsh.

Excessive "equaliser (EQ)" can also bring more double to overall sound if you cannot strike the balance of all frequency components in a natural way. EQ is purposely used to amplify (increase) or attenuate (decrease) a frequency component of a sound source. Therefore, you need to understand the acoustical environment inside your car. In fact, excessive EQ can also induce listener fatigue and cause your dance floor to look like a chaos rally unless you have high fidelity EQ. Start with the ''flat response'' theory, and use the EQ sparingly, otherwise your audio system will be prone to distortion. Do not exaggerate the frequency you are "EQ-ing" since it comes with extremely audible distortion.

Last, but not least, is the so-called system matching. Bad sounding can be a result of a mismatch of components in the system. To obtain a good, coherent sounding for your system, the key is to first understand the style and character of the component and see what is lacking. Then you can find a component to offset the lag.

Having said that, do not match a head unit or amplifier that has bright sounding with a lively speaker or do not match a dull sounding speaker with a punchy amplifier. You will definitely end up with terrible sounding. Instead, you should match the punchy loudspeaker with a lively loudspeaker or vice versa.

The best way is to practice listening so that you will learn to understand what sound you like or dislike. I would say that is the best solution to eliminate undesirable sound.

Ultimate in Luxury

The Luxury LS 460 is a wonderfully comfaortable car fitted with all mod cons, althoough not necessarily the most fun vehicle to drive.