
The case has been brought against the two Brazilians because they "delayed their return to the team after playing in international matches."
Robinho and Baptista should have returned to Madrid last Thursday after playing for Brazil against Ecuador and Colombia, but - to the annoyance of coach Bernd Schuster - did not get back until Friday.
An angry Schuster excluded the pair from the squad to face Espanyol on Saturday, when Real suffered their first league defeat.
Robinho and Baptista are likely to be heavily fined by Real.
Robinho is rumoured to have participated in an all-night party at Rio de Janeiro nightclub Catwalk, together with Barcelona's Ronaldinho and other players.
Ronaldinho missed Barcelona's defeat on Saturday against Villarreal, but has not been sanctioned by his club, unlike Robinho and Baptista.
DPA