Some observations can explain the new course of hostilities.

First, terrorism is used to attack "soft targets", as is often seen in war zones in foreign countries. The South militants are using more and more brutality to create a climate of fear among residents. Beheadings and burnings alive have become commonplace for the restive region. The militants are taking up new, cruel methods of warfare. Unlike the old generation of separatists, the insurgents these days don't want people to love them, but fear them.

Second, the rebels' decision to target transport is a big blow to the daily life of the locals. They are showing us that from now on there is no longer a safe way to move about. Attacks on trains, buses and airports have already scared travellers. The ubiquitous shuttle van is now not without its dangers either.

Third, yesterday's well-planned operation was carried out with uncanny precision, as the assailants were able to pinpoint a specific target. A military officer even admitted that the attackers had good information on the shuttle schedule and chose a good location for the ambush. The killing site was not far from a ranger station but the fighters managed to execute almost all the occupants and make their escape before the troops could arrive. They also planted a bomb to delay the pursuing rangers.

Finally, the incident took place during a week of high risk. Authori-ties have warned that militants might launch a series of major assaults during the days of March 13-15, which mark the founding anniversary  of the separatist group Barisan Revo-lusi Nasional. Despite the alarms and beefed-up security, the slaughter took place and thus has demonstrated the failure of the authorities.

The Nation