Roiphe's December 1978 essay elicited a strong reaction from many Jews who rightfully objected to the ways she justified assimilation and equated a vibrant and literate Jewish life with living in a ghetto. The essay and reactions to it raised important questions about Jewish identity in America and the seductive nature of Christmas for those who are not Christian.

But Roiphe's words also addressed themselves to the growing commercialism and materialism of the average American Christmas. She insisted, in the face of a great "commercial blast", that "contact with the great Christian myth and art that comes each December must be a spiritual experience".

We wholeheartedly agree. But that said, we would like to emphasise a distinction that many people lately have been loath to acknowledge. Though its themes of peace, generosity and goodwill have universal religious appeal, Christmas belongs to Christians.

We have little to fear in acknowledging that and perhaps a good deal to gain.

Sure, it might seem counterintuitive for a liberal Catholic and a rabbi to sound a note that, in recent years, has rung in monotone among conservative pundits and other leaders of the Christian right. But for both Christians and Jews in America, recognising Christmas as a celebration of Jesus' birth is precisely what we need.

Christians, who in this season are called to remember the humility and hope, the wonder and divine blessing of Jesus' nativity, have to wonder whether the political maneouvring of conservatives to put "Christ" back in Christmas is doing anything to put something of this spirit into the holiday. Today, despite celebrated "victories" by Christian conservatives who this year persuaded large retail stores, including Macy's and Wal-Mart, to advertise using "Merry Christmas" rather than "Happy Holidays", the commercial blast hits harder than ever.

Consider the Black Friday shoppers storming Best Buys this year; crowd-control required an armed police presence. What in this provides some contact with the great Christian myth? And as the economic mania of the day after Thanksgiving owes its nickname to the sighs of relief resounding throughout boardrooms as companies finally move out of the red, it hardly seems to reflect the traditional themes of Christmas that Roiphe mourned three decades ago and that we mourn today.

Perhaps these values are losing ground even among those who most strongly identify as Christian - those who see sin everywhere and believe in the reality of both the devil and the "war on Christmas". Consider the highly publicised story of a Pagosa Springs, Colorado couple threatened with a fine for displaying a Christmas wreath in the shape of a peace sign. Bob Kearns, president of the homeowners association, after reportedly firing his staff - apparently for disagreeing with him - claimed that some residents worried that the wreath not only protested the Iraq war but might also be a symbol of Satan. (Kearns said he personally believed the peace sign was fundamentally "anti-Christ".)

Restoring the Christian meaning of Christmas is important for America's Jews, as well. Over the past 30 years, Jewish life in America has become more vibrant and compelling even while, paradoxically, assimilation has increased. But all the while, even as Roiphe has grown more observant and discarded her tree, Christmas has remained inescapably seductive.

Presumably, Christmas-time became "the holidays" in part to reflect a more diverse American religious landscape. But although Hanukkah happens to fall in December, for Jews "the holidays" ended around mid-October, after a month filled with Rosh Hashanah, Yom Kippur, Sukkot, Shemini Atzeret and Simchat Torah. The seemingly lovely and innocuous inclusiveness that turns Christmas into "the holidays", and welcomes Jews and members of other faiths to delight in the tinsel and commerce of the season, undermines the distinctiveness of the Hebrew calendar, potentially the most unifying aspect of Jewish life.

Although the particular forms of celebration vary, all Jews - secular, cultural, Reform, Orthodox and otherwise - can find in their own calendar the rhythms of the Jewish year, complete with historical commemorations and spiritual meaning. The expression "happy holidays" has done little more than make December the required month for people of all faiths and cultures to celebrate their most compelling values.

Provided it's in the meaning and not the marketing of Christmas that Christians find Jesus, putting Christ back into Christmas might serve to remind Christians of what the day is all about. Further, it could remind American Jews that this just isn't their holiday season.

As Christmas approaches, Christians can take comfort in the distinctive ways their faith allows them to worship, honour and serve. Christmas can remind all of us that our particular religious stories have meaningful and relevant messages for the 21st century, more profound than shopping and acquisition, and more diverse than one holiday season can accommodate.

In this spirit, people of all faiths can admire the unique beauty and pageantry of their neighbours' holiday while always remaining true to their own religious identity.

Scott Korb is co-author with Peter Bebergal of the forthcoming book "The Faith Between Us". Leon Morris is executive director of the Skirball Centre of Adult Jewish Learning at Temple Emanuel-El in New York.

Scott Korb,

Leon Morris

The Baltimore Sun